Citrulline malate

The 2026 review finds a small effect with low or very low certainty; it does not establish reliable dosing or timing.

• Tier C — Preliminary or mixed — it might work, it might not
• Performance

What it is for

A possible small performance benefit in some contexts; a consistent reduction in perceived exertion has not been demonstrated.

How it works

A precursor to arginine → nitric oxide → vasodilation; it also supports ammonia clearance.

Dosing

L-citrulline and citrulline malate doses are not equivalent: check actual citrulline content. No universal dose has a consistent benefit.

When to take it

Trials have used pre-exercise intake, but no optimal timing with reliable benefit has been established.

Safety

May cause digestive discomfort; short trials do not establish long-term safety.

Side effects

Rare digestive discomfort.

Interactions

Caution with vasodilator/blood pressure medication.

Contraindications

Check with your doctor if you take blood pressure medication.

Who it has been studied in

Small, heterogeneous findings cannot be generalized to all people or sports.

Frequently asked